The electron (e−, or β− in nuclear reactions) is a subatomic particle with a negative one elementary electric charge. Ordinary matter is composed of atoms. Each atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a number of electrons that neutralize its charge. Electrons are bound to the nucleus to different degrees: the least bound electrons are responsible for the bonds between atoms present in molecules and crystals, and for all types of chemical reactions, while the rest make up the atomic core. Electrons play an essential role in numerous physical phenomena.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron